Payable, msg.sender, msg.value, Units of Measure Payable Wei/Gwei/Eth Converter msg.sender & msg.value Chainlink Oracles Decentralized Oracle Network Chainlink Blockchains can’t make API calls Centralized Nodes are Points of Failure data.chain.link Getting External Data with Chainlink Oracles Chainlink Faucets and Contract Addresses Kovan Getting Price Information Importing from NPM and Advanced Solidity Decimals/Floating Point Numbers in Solidity latestRoundData Importing from NPM in Remix Interfaces Introduction to ABIs Getting Price Feed Addresses getPrice Tuples Unused Tuple Variables Matching Units (WEI/GWEI/ETH) getConversionRate Matching Units (Continued) SafeMath & Integer Overflow using keyword Libraries SafeMath PSA Setting a Threshold Require Revert Withdraw Function Transfer Balance this Contract Owners Constructor == Modifiers Resetting for loop Array Length Forcing a Transaction Recap

Non-Technical Explainer End-to-end article What is an NFT? ERC721 Token URI Token Metadata Example IPFS Simple NFT brownie mix Initial Setup SimpleCollectible.sol OpenZeppelin ERC721 Pug Image NFT Constructor NFT is a type of factory pattern createCollectible _safeMint TokenURI & Metadata Opensea listing example Is this decentralized? Ethereum Size and dStorage Ethereum Size dStorage Solutions IPFS You need to have your NFT attributes both on-chain and inside your tokenURI metadata deploy_and_create.py TokenURI used for the demo: https://ipfs.io/ipfs/Qmd9MCGtdVz2miNumBHDbvj8bigSgTwnr4SbyH6DNnpWdt?filename=0-PUG.json IPFS Companion Rinkeby Deployment Opensea Example Advanced deploy_and_create Move OPENSEA_URL to helpful_scripts Deploying AdvancedCollectible Opensea testnet is only compatible with Rinkeby Rinkeby Chainlink VRF Contract Addresses Speeding through adding functions from previous projects Deploy to Rinkeby create_collectible.py A quick unit test A quick integration test Creating Metadata & IPFS create_metadata.py get_breed Metadata Folder metadata_template NFT Metadata Attributes Checking if Metadata file already exists Uploading to IPFS upload_to_ipfs Download IPFS Command Line Download IPFS Desktop HTTP IPFS Docs ipfs daemon Pinata Pinata Docs Refactoring to not re-upload to IPFS Setting the TokenURI End-To-End Manual Testnet Test Viewing on Opensea

Introduction to upgrading smart contracts Smart Contracts can be upgraded! Does this mean they are not immutable? Trail of Bits on Upgradeable Smart Contracts The “Not Really Upgrading” / Parameterization Method The Social Yeet / Migration Method Contract Migration Proxies DelegateCall Terminology: Implementation Contract Proxy Contract User Admin Gotchas: Storage Clashes Function Selector Function Selector Clashes Proxy Patterns: Transparent Proxy Pattern Universal Upgrade Proxy Standard Diamond/Multi-Facet Proxy

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Overview

The Syllabus

Curriculum Designed by Experts

Lesson 1: Welcome To Blockchain

What is a Blockchain?
Making Your First Transaction
How Do Blockchains Work?
Consensus

Lesson 2: Welcome to Remix! Simple Storage

Basic Solidity

Versioning
Compiling
Contract Declaration
Types & Declaring Variables
uint256, int256, bool, string, address, bytes32
Default Initializations
Comments
Functions
Deploying a Contract
Calling a public state-changing Function
Visibility
Scope
View & Pure Functions
Structs
Intro to Storage
Arrays – Dynamic & Fixed sized
Compiler Errors and Warnings
Memory
Mappings
SPDX License

Deploying to a “Live” network

A testnet or mainnet
Find a faucet here
Connecting Metamask
Interacting with Deployed Contracts
The EVM

Lesson 3: Storage Factory

Inheritance, Factory Pattern, and Interacting with External Contracts

Factory Pattern
Imports
Deploy a Contract From a Contract
Interact With a Deployed Contract

Lesson 4: Fund Me

Payable, msg.sender, msg.value, Units of Measure

Payable
Wei/Gwei/Eth Converter
msg.sender & msg.value

Chainlink Oracles

Decentralized Oracle Network Chainlink
Blockchains can’t make API calls
Centralized Nodes are Points of Failure
data.chain.link
Getting External Data with Chainlink Oracles
Chainlink
Faucets and Contract Addresses
Kovan
Getting Price Information

Importing from NPM and Advanced Solidity

Decimals/Floating Point Numbers in Solidity
latestRoundData
Importing from NPM in Remix
Interfaces
Introduction to ABIs
Getting Price Feed Addresses
getPrice
Tuples
Unused Tuple Variables
Matching Units (WEI/GWEI/ETH)
getConversionRate
Matching Units (Continued)
SafeMath & Integer Overflow
using keyword
Libraries
SafeMath PSA
Setting a Threshold
Require
Revert
Withdraw Function
Transfer
Balance
this
Contract Owners
Constructor
==
Modifiers
Resetting
for loop
Array Length
Forcing a Transaction
Recap

Lesson 5: Web3.py Simple Storage

Installing VSCode, Python, and Web3

VSCode
VSCode Crash Course
Extensions
Short Cuts:
VSCode Shortcuts
VSCode MacOS Shortcuts
Python
Install Troubleshooting
Terminal
Making a directory/Folder
Opening the folder up with VSCode
Creating a new file
Syntax Highlights
Remember to save!
Setting linting compile version
VSCode Solidity Settings
Formatting & Format on Save
Solidity Prettier
Python Black
pip

Python Script with Web3.py – Deploying a Contract

Reading our solidity file
Running a Python Script in the Terminal
MaxOS Shortcuts
Windows Shortcuts
Linux Shortcuts
Compiling in Python
py-solc-x
compile_standard
Colorized Brackets
JSON ABI
Saving Compiled Code
Formatting JSON
Deploying in Python
Get Bytecode
Get ABI
Choose Blockchain to Deploy To
Local Ganache Chain
Ganache UI
Ganache Command Line
Web3.py
HTTP / RPC Provider
Private Keys MUST start with “0x”
Contract Object
Building a Transaction
Account Nonce
Calling “Contructor”
Transaction Parameters
Signing the Transaction
NEVER put your private key directly in your code
Setting Environment Variables (Windows, Linux, MacOS)
More on Windows Environment Variables
Exported Environment Variables Only Last the Duration of the Shell/Terminal
Private Key PSA
.env file
.gitignore
Loading .env File in Python
python-dotenv
Viewing our Transaction / Deployment in Ganache
Waiting for Block Confirmations

Interacting with Our Contract in Python & Web3.py

2 Things you always need
Contract Address
Contract ABI
Getting address from transaction receipt
Calling a view function with web3.py
Call vs Transact
Updating State with Web3.py
ganache-cli
Installing Ganache
Install Nodejs
Install Yarn
Working with ganache-cli
Open a new terminal in the same window
Deploying to a testnet
Infura
Alchemy
Using Infura RPC URL / HTTP Provider
Chain Ids

Lesson 6: Brownie Simple Storage

Brownie Introduction

Installing Brownie

Installing Brownie
Install pipx
pipx install eth-brownie
Testing Successful Install

Brownie Simple Storage Project

A new Brownie project with brownie init
Project Basic Explanation
Adding SimpleStorage.sol to the contracts folder
Compiling with brownie compile
Brownie deploy script
def main is brownie’s entry point
brownie defaults to a development ganache chain that it creates
Placing functions outside of the main function
brownie accounts
3 Ways to Add Accounts
accounts[0]: Brownie’s “default” ganache accounts
Only works for local ganache
accounts.load(“…”): Brownie’s encrypted command line (MOST SECURE)
Run brownie accounts new <name> and enter your private key and a password
accounts.add(config[“wallets”][“from_key”]): Storing Private Keys as an environment variable, and pulling from our brownie-config.yaml
You’ll need to add dotenv: .env to your brownie-config.yaml and have a .env file
Importing a Contract
Contract.Deploy
View Function Call in Brownie
State-Changing Function Call in Brownie / Contract Interaction
transaction.wait(1)

Testing Basics

test_simple_storage.py
Arrange, Act, Assert
assert
brownie test
test_updating_storage
Pytest / Brownie Test Tips
Deploy to a Testnet
brownie networks list
Development vs Ethereum
Development is temporary
Ethereum networks persist
RPC URL / HTTP Provider in Brownie
The network flag
list index out of range
get_account()
networks.show_active()
build/deployments
Accessing previous deployments
Interacting with contracts deployed in our brownie project

Lesson 7: Brownie Fund Me

Introduction

Setup

Dependencies, Deploying, and Networks

Dependencies
chainlink-brownie-contracts
remappings
Deploy Script (V1)
helpful_scripts.py
__init__.py
Deploy to Rinkeby
Contract Verification (publish_source)
The Manual Way
“Flattening”
The Programatic Way
Getting an Etherscan API Key
ETHERSCAN_TOKEN
Interacting with Etherscan
Deploying to Local Chains
Introduction to Mocking
Constructor Parameters
networks in our brownie-config.yaml
Copying Mock Contracts from chainlink-mix
Deploying and using our mock
Refactoring
Deploying to a persistent ganache
brownie attach
Adding a persistent brownie network
resetting a network build

Funding and Withdrawing Python Scripts

Fund Script
Withdraw Script

Testing across networks

test_can_fund_and_withdraw
default networks
pytest pip install pytest
pytest.skip
brownie exceptions
mainnet-fork
Custom mainnet fork
Adding a development brownie network
brownie networks add development mainnet-fork-dev cmd=ganache-cli host=http://127.0.0.1 fork=’https://infura.io/v3/$WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID’ accounts=10 mnemonic=brownie port=8545
Alchemy
brownie test –network mainnet-fork
brownie ganache vs local ganache vs mainnet-fork vs testnet…

Git

Installing Git
Creating a repository
First time with git
Adding our project to github

Lesson 8: Smart Contract Lottery

Introduction

Add a README.md
Defining the project
Is it decentralized?

Lottery.sol

basic setup
Main Functions
address payable[]
getEntranceFee & Setup
Chainlink Price Feed
brownie-config
SPDX
Matching Units of Measure
Can’t just divide
Test early and often
Quick Math Sanity Check
deleting networks
Alchemy again
Enum
startLottery
Openzeppelin… Is this the first openzeppelin reference?
Openzeppelin Contracts Github
Randomness
Pseudorandomness
block keyword
block.difficulty
block.timestamp
keccack256
True Randomness with Chainlink VRF
Chainlink VRF Remix Version
Inheriting Constructors
Oracle Gas & Transaction Gas
Why didn’t we pay gas on the price feeds?
Chainlink Node Fees
Request And Receive Introduction
Kovan Faucets
Funding Chainlink Contracts
Request And Receive Explanation
A Clarification
endLottery
returns (type variableName)
fulfillRandomness
override
Modulo Operation (Mod Operation %)
Paying the lottery winner
Resetting the lottery

Testing Lottery.sol

deploy_lottery.py
get_account() refactored
get_contract
contract_to_mock
Contract.from_abi
Adding the parameters to deploying to lottery
vrfCoordinatorMock and adding mocks
LinkToken and Mocks
Successful Ganache Deployment!
Python Lottery Scripts/Functions
start_lottery
Brownie tip: Remember to tx.wait(1) your last transaction
enter_lottery
end_lottery
Funding with LINK
brownie interfaces
Waiting for callback
Integration Tests & Unit Tests
Test all lines of code
test_get_entrance_fee
pytest.skip (again)
test_cant_enter_unless_started
test_can_start_and_enter_lottery
test_can_pick_winner_correctly
Events and Logs
callBackWithRandomness

Lesson 9: ERC20s, EIPs, and Token Standards

ERC20/EIP20 Standard
What is an ERC20?
Creating an ERC20
OpenZeppelin ERC20
Solidity 0.8
I Challenge you to code this yourself!
deploy_token.py
Copy paste helpful_scripts.py
Viewing our token in metamask
Adding to an exchange

Lesson 10: Defi & Aave

Defi Intro

Defipulse
Defillama
Aave Testnet Site
Paraswap
Decentralized Exchange

Aave UI

Kovan ETH
What is Aave?
Borrowing and Lending
Connecting to Aave
Depositing Tokens / Lending
Checking your transaction is correct
WETH Gateway
Interest Bearing Token (aToken)
Collateral
DAI
Stablecoin
Wrapped Bitcoin (wBTC)
Why borrow tokens?
Blockchain Fintech Tutorial
DISCLAIMER ABOUT BORROWING
Borrowing Tokens
Liquidations
Your health factor must be above 1
Solvent
Stable vs Variable Interest Rate
Repaying our borrows/loans
Reward token / governance token
Governance

Programmatic Interactions with Aave

Quant Defi Engineer
Aave Documentation
Setup
Converting ETH -> WETH
get_weth.py
IWETH
Kovan WETH Token Address: 0xd0a1e359811322d97991e03f863a0c30c2cf029c
Mainnet WETH Token Address: 0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2
Converting WETH -> ETH with withdraw
aave_borrow.py
LendingPool
LendingPoolAddressProvider
LendingPool and LendingPoolAddressProvider Addresses
Fixing import dependencies
Aave Github
ERC20 Approve Function
IERC20 from Patrick’s repo
deposit
getUserAccountData
Liquidation Threshold
Risk Parameters
Borrowing DAI
Getting DAI Conversion Rate
Chainlink Price Feeds
AggregatorV3Interface
borrow
Mainnet DAI Address: 0x6b175474e89094c44da98b954eedeac495271d0f
Aave Testnet Token Addresses
Repaying
Kovan Run
Viewing the transactions

Lesson 11: NFTs

Non-Technical Explainer

End-to-end article
What is an NFT?
ERC721
Token URI
Token Metadata Example
IPFS

Simple NFT

brownie mix
Initial Setup
SimpleCollectible.sol
OpenZeppelin ERC721
Pug Image
NFT Constructor
NFT is a type of factory pattern
createCollectible
_safeMint
TokenURI & Metadata
Opensea listing example
Is this decentralized?
Ethereum Size and dStorage
Ethereum Size
dStorage Solutions
IPFS
You need to have your NFT attributes both on-chain and inside your tokenURI metadata
deploy_and_create.py
TokenURI used for the demo: https://ipfs.io/ipfs/Qmd9MCGtdVz2miNumBHDbvj8bigSgTwnr4SbyH6DNnpWdt?filename=0-PUG.json
IPFS Companion
Rinkeby Deployment
Opensea Example

Advanced deploy_and_create

Move OPENSEA_URL to helpful_scripts
Deploying AdvancedCollectible
Opensea testnet is only compatible with Rinkeby
Rinkeby Chainlink VRF Contract Addresses
Speeding through adding functions from previous projects
Deploy to Rinkeby
create_collectible.py
A quick unit test
A quick integration test

Creating Metadata & IPFS

create_metadata.py
get_breed
Metadata Folder
metadata_template
NFT Metadata Attributes
Checking if Metadata file already exists
Uploading to IPFS
upload_to_ipfs
Download IPFS Command Line
Download IPFS Desktop
HTTP IPFS Docs
ipfs daemon
Pinata
Pinata Docs
Refactoring to not re-upload to IPFS
Setting the TokenURI
End-To-End Manual Testnet Test
Viewing on Opensea

Lesson 12: Upgrades

Introduction to upgrading smart contracts

Smart Contracts can be upgraded!
Does this mean they are not immutable?
Trail of Bits on Upgradeable Smart Contracts
The “Not Really Upgrading” / Parameterization Method
The Social Yeet / Migration Method
Contract Migration
Proxies
DelegateCall
Terminology:
Implementation Contract
Proxy Contract
User
Admin
Gotchas:
Storage Clashes
Function Selector
Function Selector Clashes
Proxy Patterns:
Transparent Proxy Pattern
Universal Upgrade Proxy Standard
Diamond/Multi-Facet Proxy

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Q: Lesson 2: Welcome to Remix! Simple Storage

Basic Solidity Versioning Compiling Contract Declaration Types & Declaring Variables uint256, int256, bool, string, address, bytes32 Default Initializations Comments Functions Deploying a Contract Calling a public state-changing Function Visibility Scope View & Pure Functions Structs Intro to Storage Arrays – Dynamic & Fixed sized Compiler Errors and Warnings Memory Mappings SPDX License Deploying to a “Live” network A testnet or mainnet Find a faucet here Connecting Metamask Interacting with Deployed Contracts The EVM

Q: Lesson 10: Defi & Aave

Defi Intro Defipulse Defillama Aave Testnet Site Paraswap Decentralized Exchange Aave UI Kovan ETH What is Aave? Borrowing and Lending Connecting to Aave Depositing Tokens / Lending Checking your transaction is correct WETH Gateway Interest Bearing Token (aToken) Collateral DAI Stablecoin Wrapped Bitcoin (wBTC) Why borrow tokens? Blockchain Fintech Tutorial DISCLAIMER ABOUT BORROWING Borrowing Tokens Liquidations Your health factor must be above 1 Solvent Stable vs Variable Interest Rate Repaying our borrows/loans Reward token / governance token Governance Programmatic Interactions with Aave Quant Defi Engineer Aave Documentation Setup Converting ETH -> WETH get_weth.py IWETH Kovan WETH Token Address: 0xd0a1e359811322d97991e03f863a0c30c2cf029c Mainnet WETH Token Address: 0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2 Converting WETH -> ETH with withdraw aave_borrow.py LendingPool LendingPoolAddressProvider LendingPool and LendingPoolAddressProvider Addresses Fixing import dependencies Aave Github ERC20 Approve Function IERC20 from Patrick’s repo deposit getUserAccountData Liquidation Threshold Risk Parameters Borrowing DAI Getting DAI Conversion Rate Chainlink Price Feeds AggregatorV3Interface borrow Mainnet DAI Address: 0x6b175474e89094c44da98b954eedeac495271d0f Aave Testnet Token Addresses Repaying Kovan Run Viewing the transactions

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