What is analytics & Data Science?
Common Terms in Analytics
Analytics vs. Data warehousing, OLAP, MIS Reporting
Relevance in industry and need of the hour
Types of problems and business objectives in various industries
How leading companies are harnessing the power of analytics?
Critical success drivers
Overview of analytics tools & their popularity
Analytics Methodology & problem solving framework
List of steps in Analytics projects
Identify the most appropriate solution design for the given problem statement
Project plan for Analytics project & key milestones based on effort estimates
Build Resource plan for analytics project
Why R for data science?

Introduction R/R-Studio – GUI
Concept of Packages – Useful Packages (Base & Other packages)
Data Structure & Data Types (Vectors, Matrices, factors, Data frames, and Lists)
Importing Data from various sources (txt, dlm, excel, sas7bdata, db, etc.)
Database Input (Connecting to database)
Exporting Data to various formats)
Viewing Data (Viewing partial data and full data)
Variable & Value Labels – Date Values

Data Manipulation steps
Creating New Variables (calculations & Binning)
Dummy variable creation
Applying transformations
Handling duplicates
Handling missings
Sorting and Filtering
Subsetting (Rows/Columns)
Appending (Row appending/column appending)
Merging/Joining (Left, right, inner, full, outer etc)
Data type conversions
Renaming
Formatting
Reshaping data
Sampling
Data manipulation tools
Operators
Functions
Packages
Control Structures (if, if else)
Loops (Conditional, iterative loops, apply functions)
Arrays
R Built-in Functions (Text, Numeric, Date, utility)
Numerical Functions
Text Functions
Date Functions
Utilities Functions
R User Defined Functions
R Packages for data manipulation (base, dplyr, plyr, data.table, reshape, car, sqldf, etc)

ntroduction exploratory data analysis
Descriptive statistics, Frequency Tables and summarization
Univariate Analysis (Distribution of data & Graphical Analysis)
Bivariate Analysis(Cross Tabs, Distributions & Relationships, Graphical Analysis)
Creating Graphs- Bar/pie/line chart/histogram/boxplot/scatter/density etc)
R Packages for Exploratory Data Analysis(dplyr, plyr, gmodes, car, vcd, Hmisc, psych, doby etc)
R Packages for Graphical Analysis (base, ggplot, lattice,etc)

Basic Statistics – Measures of Central Tendencies and Variance
Building blocks – Probability Distributions – Normal distribution – Central Limit Theorem
Inferential Statistics -Sampling – Concept of Hypothesis Testing
Statistical Methods – Z/t-tests( One sample, independent, paired), Anova, Correlations and Chi-square

Concept of model in analytics and how it is used?
Common terminology used in analytics & modelling process
Popular modelling algorithms
Types of Business problems – Mapping of Techniques
Different Phases of Predictive Modelling

Data Preparation

Need of Data preparation
Consolidation/Aggregation – Outlier treatment – Flat Liners – Missing values- Dummy creation – Variable Reduction
Variable Reduction Techniques – Factor & PCA Analysis

Introduction to Segmentation
Types of Segmentation (Subjective Vs Objective, Heuristic Vs. Statistical)
Heuristic Segmentation Techniques (Value Based, RFM Segmentation and Life Stage Segmentation)
Behavioral Segmentation Techniques (K-Means Cluster Analysis)
Cluster evaluation and profiling – Identify cluster characteristics
Interpretation of results – Implementation on new data

Introduction – Applications
Assumptions of Linear Regression
Building Linear Regression Model
Understanding standard metrics (Variable significance, R-square/Adjusted R-square, Global hypothesis ,etc)
Assess the overall effectiveness of the model
Validation of Models (Re running Vs. Scoring)
Standard Business Outputs (Decile Analysis, Error distribution (histogram), Model equation, drivers etc.)
Interpretation of Results – Business Validation – Implementation on new data

Introduction – Applications
Linear Regression Vs. Logistic Regression Vs. Generalized Linear Models
Building Logistic Regression Model (Binary Logistic Model)
Understanding standard model metrics (Concordance, Variable significance, Hosmer Lemeshov Test, Gini, KS, Misclassification, ROC Curve etc)
Validation of Logistic Regression Models (Re running Vs. Scoring)
Standard Business Outputs (Decile Analysis, ROC Curve, Probability Cut-offs, Lift charts, Model equation, Drivers or variable importance, etc)
Interpretation of Results – Business Validation – Implementation on new data

Introduction – Applications
Time Series Components( Trend, Seasonality, Cyclicity and Level) and Decomposition
Classification of Techniques(Pattern based – Pattern less)
Basic Techniques – Averages, Smoothening, etc
Advanced Techniques – AR Models, ARIMA, etc
Understanding Forecasting Accuracy – MAPE, MAD, MSE, etc

Introduction to Machine Learning & Predictive Modeling
Types of Business problems – Mapping of Techniques – Regression vs. classification vs. segmentation vs. Forecasting
Major Classes of Learning Algorithms -Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning
Different Phases of Predictive Modeling (Data Pre-processing, Sampling, Model Building, Validation)
Overfitting (Bias-Variance Trade off) & Performance Metrics
Feature engineering & dimension reduction
Concept of optimization & cost function
Overview of gradient descent algorithm
Overview of Cross validation(Bootstrapping, K-Fold validation etc)
Model performance metrics (R-square, Adjusted R-squre, RMSE, MAPE, AUC, ROC curve, recall, precision, sensitivity, specificity, confusion metrics )

What is segmentation & Role of ML in Segmentation?
Concept of Distance and related math background
K-Means Clustering
Expectation Maximization
Hierarchical Clustering
Spectral Clustering (DBSCAN)
Principle component Analysis (PCA)

Decision Trees – Introduction – Applications
Types of Decision Tree Algorithms
Construction of Decision Trees through Simplified Examples; Choosing the “Best” attribute at each Non-Leaf node; Entropy; Information Gain, Gini Index, Chi Square, Regression Trees
Generalizing Decision Trees; Information Content and Gain Ratio; Dealing with Numerical Variables; other Measures of Randomness
Pruning a Decision Tree; Cost as a consideration; Unwrapping Trees as Rules
Decision Trees – Validation
Overfitting – Best Practices to avoid

Concept of Ensembling
Manual Ensembling Vs. Automated Ensembling
Methods of Ensembling (Stacking, Mixture of Experts)
Bagging (Logic, Practical Applications)
Random forest (Logic, Practical Applications)
Boosting (Logic, Practical Applications)
Ada Boost
Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM)
XGBoost

Motivation for Neural Networks and Its Applications
Perceptron and Single Layer Neural Network, and Hand Calculations
Learning In a Multi Layered Neural Net: Back Propagation and Conjugant Gradient Techniques
Neural Networks for Regression
Neural Networks for Classification
Interpretation of Outputs and Fine tune the models with hyper parameters
Validating ANN models

Motivation for Support Vector Machine & Applications
Support Vector Regression
Support vector classifier (Linear & Non-Linear)
Mathematical Intuition (Kernel Methods Revisited, Quadratic Optimization and Soft Constraints)
Interpretation of Outputs and Fine tune the models with hyper parameters
Validating SVM models

• What is KNN & Applications?
• KNN for missing treatment
• KNN For solving regression problems
• KNN for solving classification problems
• Validating KNN model
• Model fine tuning with hyper parameters

• Concept of Conditional Probability
• Bayes Theorem and Its Applications
• Naïve Bayes for classification
• Applications of Naïve Bayes in Classifications

Taming big text, Unstructured vs. Semi-structured Data; Fundamentals of information retrieval, Properties of words; Creating Term-Document (TxD);Matrices; Similarity measures, Low-level processes (Sentence Splitting; Tokenization; Part-of-Speech Tagging; Stemming; Chunking)
Finding patterns in text: text mining, text as a graph
Natural Language processing (NLP)
Text Analytics – Sentiment Analysis using R
Text Analytics – Word cloud analysis using R
Text Analytics – Segmentation using K-Means/Hierarchical Clustering
Text Analytics – Classification (Spam/Not spam)
Applications of Social Media Analytics
Metrics(Measures Actions) in social media analytics
Examples & Actionable Insights using Social Media Analytics
Important R packages for Machine Learning (caret, H2O, Randomforest, nnet, tm etc)
Fine tuning the models using Hyper parameters, grid search, piping etc.

Case Studies